CCMB Team Cracks Mystery Behind White Blood Cell’s Attack Mechanism

 


A cell’s ability to change shape depends on its actin cytoskeleton — a dense, dynamic network of branched filaments beneath the cell membrane. Actin molecules can quickly assemble into new meshworks that push the membrane forward, forming protrusions. But how exactly do cells build these new scaffolds so efficiently? The CCMB team, led by Dr Saikat Chowdhury, has shown that a protein called SPIN90 plays a central role. They found that SPIN90 works as a dimer with another protein complex called Arp2/3. This initiates the growth of new actin filaments starting from the SPIN90-Arp2/3 complex, in two directions – always separated by about 150 degrees at the starting point.

These new filaments serve as scaffolds for building a new branched actin meshwork. Thus, it creates a new protrusion, gives a new shape to the cell, or directs its motility. “SPIN90’s ability to build actin filaments in two directions may explain how cells rapidly create adaptable scaffolds,” said Dr Chowdhury. “This helps us understand how cells remodel themselves in health and disease, including cancer, immune disorders and wound healing," he added.

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